![]() After all, one must gather data, then select a scale, a projection, and symbols shouldn’t all this come before design? Map design is actually a twofold process. The mapmaker must never lose sight of the power that maps have. Maps have an impact on society they are used in decision making at many levels, from a simple “How do I get there?” to “Where should the money be allocated?” The mapmaker must take into account the purpose of the map, the intended audience, and where and how the map might be used. It is important to remember also that creating maps goes beyond the look of the page. These principles are the basis of “good” maps whether produced with pen and ink or the most recent GIS package, whether printed or viewed online. However, if one looks beyond the technology, there are principles that remain sound regardless of production methods. It seems, in fact, that the only constant in the field is change. GIS exploded onto the scene in the 1990s (although its antecedents go back to the 1930s). A sophisticated cartography lab hardly more than 15 years ago would have had perhaps 10 desktop computers with “line” printers, digitizers, and perhaps a plotter this seems primitive today. Rapid changes in software and hardware continue unabated. The impact of research on how maps work, how readers perceive maps and symbols, and visualization has changed our thinking about maps. Technological advances including satellites and computers have had a major impact on the field. Mapmakers have become more aware of the impact of their products on society and have an increased concern with ethics and privacy. The Internet itself is a product of only the last 20 years. ![]() Data that would not have been available in 1950, such as satellite imagery, are now routinely available to anyone with Internet access. This revolution is based on changes in technology, in kinds of data, and in social influences. ![]() Mapmaking is in the midst of a revolution that had its beginnings over 50 years ago. We have moved in the last 20 years from pen-and-ink drafting to computerized mapping. In the years between its writing and the present version, changes in mapmaking have been enormous. Without me, you are alone and lost.” -B eryl Markham, West with the Night, 1942Īn earlier version of this book was published in 1992. ThrowerĪ map says to you, “Read me carefully, follow me closely, doubt me not.” It says, “I am the earth in the palm of your hand. To my mentors Richard Dahlberg Gerard Foster Norman J. Includes bibliographical references and index. Last digit is print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tyner, Judith A. Printed in the United States of America This book is printed on acid-free paper. ![]() 72 Spring Street, New York, NY 10012 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher. © 2010 The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford Publications, Inc.
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